Zanaflex: Targeted Muscle Spasm Relief with Tizanidine
| Product dosage: 2mg | |||
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Zanaflex (tizanidine hydrochloride) is a short-acting muscle relaxant indicated for the management of spasticity. It functions as a central alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, effectively reducing muscle tone and frequency of spasms without diminishing strength. This makes it a valuable therapeutic option for patients with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or other neurological disorders causing spasticity. Proper dosing and medical supervision are essential to maximize efficacy and minimize potential adverse effects.
Features
- Active ingredient: Tizanidine hydrochloride
- Available in 2 mg and 4 mg tablet strengths, and as a capsule in 2 mg, 4 mg, and 6 mg doses
- Short half-life (approximately 2.5 hours)
- Central alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist mechanism
- Bioavailability of approximately 40% (tablets); capsules offer less variable absorption
- Metabolized primarily by cytochrome P450 1A2
Benefits
- Reduces muscle spasticity and clonus
- Decreases frequency and intensity of painful muscle spasms
- May improve range of motion and functional capacity
- Allows for better tolerance of physical therapy and rehabilitation
- Can enhance quality of life by alleviating discomfort and rigidity
- Short-acting nature allows for flexible, as-needed dosing in some cases
Common use
Zanaflex is primarily prescribed for the management of spasticity resulting from neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or stroke. It is used to alleviate muscle tightness, cramping, and involuntary contractions that can interfere with movement, sleep, or daily activities. It may also be used off-label for tension headaches or certain musculoskeletal pain conditions, though such use should be carefully evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Dosage and direction
The initial dose is typically 2 mg, taken orally every 6 to 8 hours as needed. Dosage may be gradually increased in 2–4 mg increments, with a maximum recommended dose of 36 mg per day, though most patients do not exceed 24 mg daily. Dosing should be individualized based on efficacy and tolerability. Tablets and capsules are not bioequivalent; switching formulations requires dose adjustment and medical supervision. Take with or without food, but consistency in administration relative to meals is advised to minimize absorption variability.
Precautions
Use with caution in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 25 mL/min) or hepatic dysfunction, as tizanidine is extensively metabolized. Monitor blood pressure regularly due to risk of hypotension. Sedation is common; avoid activities requiring mental alertness until response is known. Abrupt discontinuation after long-term use may cause rebound hypertension, tachycardia, and hypertonia. Not recommended for use in pediatric patients. Elderly patients may be more sensitive to effects.
Contraindications
Concomitant use with potent CYP1A2 inhibitors such as fluvoxamine or ciprofloxacin. Hypersensitivity to tizanidine or any component of the formulation. Severe hepatic impairment.
Possible side effect
Common side effects include dry mouth, somnolence, asthenia, dizziness, and hypotension. Less frequently, patients may experience hallucinations, elevated liver enzymes, bradycardia, or visual disturbances. Serious side effects can include hepatotoxicity, severe hypotension, or syncope. Most adverse effects are dose-related.
Drug interaction
Potent CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., fluvoxamine, ciprofloxacin) significantly increase tizanidine plasma levels—contraindicated. Use caution with other CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., oral contraceptives, acyclovir). Alcohol and other CNS depressants may enhance sedative effects. Antihypertensives may increase risk of hypotension. Avoid use with other alpha-2 agonists.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Consult your healthcare provider if unsure.
Overdose
Symptoms may include severe dizziness, somnolence, vomiting, respiratory depression, bradycardia, and hypotension. Management is supportive; activated charcoal may be beneficial if administered early. Monitor vital signs and provide symptomatic treatment. There is no specific antidote.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20–25°C or 68–77°F), in a tightly closed container, away from light, moisture, and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after the expiration date.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment decisions, and personalized guidance. Do not initiate, adjust, or discontinue medication without medical supervision.
Reviews
Clinical studies and patient reports indicate that Zanaflex is effective in reducing spasticity and associated discomfort. Many users note improved mobility and sleep quality. Common criticisms include sedation and dry mouth. Adherence to prescribed dosing and open communication with a prescriber can help manage side effects and optimize therapeutic outcomes.