Zyban (bupropion hydrochloride) is a prescription medication specifically developed to support smoking cessation in adults. As a non-nicotine therapy, it functions as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI), targeting neurochemical pathways associated with nicotine addiction and withdrawal. Clinical trials demonstrate its efficacy in reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms, providing a pharmacological foundation for behavioral modification strategies. Proper medical supervision is essential throughout treatment to maximize therapeutic outcomes and monitor patient response.

Features

• Contains bupropion hydrochloride as the active pharmaceutical ingredient
• Available in extended-release tablets (150 mg)
• FDA-approved for smoking cessation
• Non-nicotine pharmacological approach
• Requires prescription and medical supervision
• Typically administered as a 7-12 week course

Benefits

• Reduces intensity of nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms
• Helps break the psychological patterns associated with smoking behavior
• Does not contain nicotine, avoiding replacement therapy limitations
• Supported by robust clinical evidence from multiple randomized trials
• Can be used concomitantly with behavioral support programs
• Provides sustained pharmacological support throughout cessation attempt

Common use

Zyban is indicated as an aid to smoking cessation treatment in adults. Treatment should be initiated while the patient is still smoking, with a target quit date set during the second week of treatment. The medication is typically used as part of comprehensive cessation strategy that includes behavioral support and counseling. Clinical studies demonstrate efficacy across various smoking patterns and histories, though heavier smokers may require additional support mechanisms.

Dosage and direction

The recommended dosage is 150 mg once daily for the first 3 days, followed by 150 mg twice daily thereafter. Doses should be taken at least 8 hours apart to minimize the risk of insomnia. Tablets should be swallowed whole and not crushed, divided, or chewed. Treatment duration is typically 7-12 weeks, though some patients may benefit from longer therapy under medical supervision. Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with hepatic impairment or those taking concomitant medications that affect bupropion metabolism.

Precautions

Patients should be monitored for emergence of agitation, irritability, hostility, depression, and changes in behavior or thinking that are not typical for them. Caution is advised in patients with history of seizure disorder, cranial trauma, or conditions that lower seizure threshold. Hepatic and renal function should be assessed before initiation. Blood pressure monitoring is recommended, as elevations may occur. Patients should avoid alcohol consumption during treatment due to increased seizure risk.

Contraindications

Zyban is contraindicated in patients with seizure disorder or history of seizures. Additional contraindications include current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa, use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within preceding 14 days, and known hypersensitivity to bupropion or other formulation components. Concomitant use with other bupropion-containing products is prohibited.

Possible side effects

Common adverse reactions include dry mouth (≈10%), insomnia (30-40%), nausea (≈10%), and dizziness (≈5%). Less frequently, patients may experience anxiety, tremor, rash, sweating, or tinnitus. Serious side effects requiring immediate medical attention include seizures (≈0.1-0.4%), allergic reactions, hypertension, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Most side effects are dose-dependent and often diminish with continued therapy.

Drug interaction

Bupropion is metabolized primarily by CYP2B6 and inhibits CYP2D6. Significant interactions may occur with:

• MAO inhibitors (contraindicated)
• Other antidepressants (SSRIs, TCAs)
• Antipsychotics (risperidone, thioridazine)
• Beta-blockers (metoprolol)
• Antiarrhythmics (propafenone, flecainide)
• Tamoxifen (reduced efficacy)
• Theophylline (increased levels)

Missed dose

If a dose is missed, patients should skip the missed dose and continue with regular dosing schedule. Doubling of doses is not recommended due to increased seizure risk. If consistent dosing adherence becomes problematic, consultation with healthcare provider is advised for schedule adjustment.

Overdose

Overdose may manifest as seizures, hallucinations, tachycardia, or loss of consciousness. Medical attention should be sought immediately. Management includes supportive care and seizure control with benzodiazepines. ECG monitoring is recommended for 48 hours post-ingestion due to potential cardiotoxicity.

Storage

Store at room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F) in original container, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after expiration date printed on packaging. Proper disposal of unused medication through take-back programs is recommended.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Zyban is a prescription medication that should be used only under supervision of qualified healthcare professional. Individual results may vary. Patients should consult their healthcare provider for personalized medical advice and to discuss potential risks and benefits.

Reviews

Clinical studies demonstrate approximately 30-35% continuous abstinence rates at one-year follow-up with Zyban treatment, compared to 15-20% with placebo. Many patients report significant reduction in craving intensity within the first week of treatment. Success rates improve when combined with behavioral support programs. Some users note initial side effects that typically diminish with continued use. Healthcare providers generally consider Zyban an valuable option within comprehensive smoking cessation protocols.